自考《英语二》语法篇-基础积累
发布时间：2020-10-17 23:15:50 来源：自考网自考《英语二》语法篇
| 知识点名称 | 内容 | |
常用并列结构 ★★★ | 1 and, or 2 as well as 3 not ... but 4 not only... but also 5 both …and 6 neither ... nor 7 either … or 8 prefer 9 would rather do… than do… 10 rather than | |
时态 ★★★ | 一般现在时 | 基本结构 am/are/do (动词原形） 第三人称+s、is 否定结构 am/are/is not don't/doesn't do 疑问形式 am/are/is 放句首 do/does 放句首 时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week 例句：I eat an apple every day |
| 一般过去时 | 基本结构 was/were; 动词过去式 否定结构 was/were not didn’t +do 疑问形式 was/were 放句首 did 放句首 时间状语 ago, yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago 例句 I ate an apple yesterday | |
| 一般将来时 | 基本结构 am/are/is going to do will/shall do 否定结构 am/is/are not going will/shall not 疑问形式 am/are/is 放句首 will/shall 放句首 时间状语 tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, in a few minutes, by…, in the future 例句 I will eat an apple tomorrow. | |
| 现在进行时 | 基本结构 am/are/is doing 否定结构 am/is/are + not+doing 疑问形式 am/is/are 放句首 时间状语 now, at this time, these days 例句 I am eating an apple now. | |
| 过去进行时 | 基本结构 was/were doing 否定结构 was/were + not + doing 疑问形式 was/were 放句首 时间状语 at this time yesterday, at that time; when/while 从句 例句 I was eating an apple this time yesterday | |
| 现在完成时 | 基本结构 have/has done 否定结构 have not/has not+done 疑问形式 Have/Has 放句首 时间状语 recently, lately, since(后跟一般过去时)，for+一段时间, over/in the past few years，already，yet, so far 例句 I have ate apples for a week. | |
| 过去完成时 | 基本结构 had done 否定结构 had not+done 疑问形式 Had 放句首 时间状语 before, by the end of last year (term, month…) 例句 I had ate 80 apples until last Sunday | |
| 时态中动词变化 规律 ★★★ | 一般现在时 | 动词第三人称单数变化规则。 1) 一般情况+s：play—plays 2) 以 s、x、ch、sh 和 o 结尾 +es：go—goes 3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i, 加 es：study—studies 4) 特殊情况不规则：have—has |
| 一般过去时 | 1) +ed：want—wanted, work—worked 2) 以不发音的 e 结尾的在词尾加 d。如：like——liked, live—lived 3) 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母(r/y/x 除外）结尾的重读闭音 节动词，先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop—stopped 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先把 y 变成 i，再加-ed。如：study—studied 5) 不规则变化 |
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