零基础教程|1910考期自考英语二第六单元A课文精讲

嗨，同学们好，又到我们的学习时间了~

1904考期我们取得的成绩还是很不错的

为了帮助更多的通过顺利通过1910考期考试

我们从今天开始更新1904考期自考本科公共课的学习教程

今天，我们要学习的00015自考英语（二）第六单元A部分的课文精讲，同学们一定要做好笔记认真听讲，我们开始啦~

课文文本：

School-going children needpocket money for food, stationery and bus fares. Parents give pocket money totheir children in different ways. Some give a lump sum at the beginning of amonth or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis. The wayin which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved. On theother hand, the children's spending habits may affect how pocket money isgiven.

Pocket money given on adaily basis is sometimes termed as "food money". Children usually usethe pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they haveschool activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums ofmoney. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending. Someparents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent theirchildren from overspending, hoping that in time（将来，迟早）theycan be trusted with（托付）larger sums of money. Parentswho earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.

Giving pocket money on adaily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of thechild. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money byoverindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money thenext day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. Thethought of saving money never crossed their minds. （承上启下的句子） They may develop the mentality that money ismeant to（被打算）be spent.（承上句）Othersspend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or theirclassmates when they feel like（想要；有…感觉）indulgingthemselves. Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts. This habit ofborrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems.（承上启下的句子）In such instances, the purpose of rationing(配给) is defeated.

Children need to learn howto budget their money. Some parents go by the "learning by doing"principle and give their children lump sums at the beginning of the month, andby the third week of the month their account is already dry.

On the other hand, somelearn to budget their pocket money very well and even have savings at the endof the month. They do not borrow money unnecessarily. In other words, theylearn to spend within their means. The key to doing this is to differentiatebetween needs and wants. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only ifthere is money left. （承上启下的句子） This habit, wheninculcated（灌输）since young, stands them in good stead（对…很有好处） when they start working and earning their own money. It enablesthem to resist the temptation of "buy now and pay later" schemes.（承上总结的句子）

Formation of any habitstarts at a tender age（幼年）. There is no better way toteach children to manage money than to start with their pocket money. They needto learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. It is a goodidea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money.（承上启下的句子） When children learn to spend within their means, they are able tomanage their finances well later in their lives.

正上学的孩子们需要零花钱来买吃的、买文具，还有支付公交费用。父母们采用不同的方式来给予他们零花钱。有的父母会在月初或每周之初一次性给予孩子们一笔钱，有的更倾向于每天给一些。然而，零花钱的给予方式却影响着孩子们花钱或省钱的方式。另一方面，孩子们的消费习惯也会对父母给予零花钱的方式产生影响。

按天来给零花钱有时被称作“零食钱”。下午有学校活动的孩子们通常会用这些零花钱在课间或午饭时间买些吃的东西。他们从中学到了如何管理好一小笔钱。因为钱的数目有限，他们只能有节制地花费。一些家长用这种方式给孩子零花钱，是为了防止他们的孩子过度消费，并期待日后可以放心地给孩子们一大笔钱来支配。按天领取薪资的父母，由于经济拮据，也会选择这个方法。

按日来给孩子们零花钱把预算的责任加在了父母身上，而没有锻炼到孩子。孩子可能会沉迷于垃圾食品而花光每一分钱，因为他们知道第二天又会得到一笔零花钱。这导致孩子们养成了目光短浅的消费习惯。省钱的观念从来不会出现在他们的大脑中。他们可能会形成“钱就是用来花的”心态。有些孩子花的钱比得到的多。当他们想要放纵自己时，就会向兄弟姐妹或同学借钱。然后，他们再要钱来偿还这些债务。这种借钱的习惯造成孩子们在解决问题时依赖他人。从这些案例来看，定额分发零花钱的做法没有达到培养孩子理性花钱的目的。孩子们应该学会如何规划自己的钱。有些父母亲奉行“在实践中学习”这一理念，在月初一次性给孩子们一笔钱，结果到这个月的第三周时这笔钱便已经被花光了。

孩子们应该学会如何规划自己的钱。有些父母亲奉行“在实践中学习”这一理念，在月初一次性给孩子们一笔钱，结果到这个月的第三周时这笔钱便已经被花光了。

另一方面，有些孩子学会了如何规划自己的钱，做得很好，甚至月末还有结余。他们基本上不需要借钱。换句话说，他们学会了如何量入为出地花钱。要做到这一点，关键在于区分自己需要和想要的东西。首先买必需的东西，倘若尚有结余，才可以买自己想要的。在孩子们幼年时就灌输给他们这样的理念，让他们养成习惯，这样当他们开始工作挣钱时会有很大的益处，能让他们抵挡住“先买后付”观念的诱惑。

任何习惯都是从幼年开始形成的。要教会孩子们学会理财的话，没什么能比得上让他们开始管理自己的零花钱这种方法好了。从幼儿园开始就需要让他们知道合理规划的重要性。从按天给过渡到按月给零花钱也是个不错的选择。当孩子们学会了如何量入为出地花钱时，他们就会管理好自己未来生活中的财产状况。

陶老师：

如果时间充足的话，建议同学们儿多听，最好能默写哈！

①   School-going children need pocket moneyfor food, stationery and bus fares.

Parents givepocket money to their children in different ways. Some give a lump sum at thebeginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a dailybasis. (1)The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.   （承上启下的句子）   On the other hand, the children's spending habits mayaffect how pocket money is given.

②   (2)Pocket money given on a daily basis issometimes termed as "food money".   Children usuallyuse the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if theyhave school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums ofmoney. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.   （承上启下的句子）   (3)Some parents choose this method of allocatingpocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending, hoping thatin time they can be trusted with larger sums of money. Parents who earn dailywages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.   （承上句）

本部分重点及难点：

1. The way inwhich pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.

(1) the way (in which / that) sb. does sth.   the way (in which / that) sth. is done

(2)   句子的主干是：   The way affects how money is spent orsaved.

2. Pocket moneygiven on a daily basis is sometimes termed as "food money".

(1) given on adaily basis   过去分词短语作定语

(2) be termed as   被称为…

3. Some parentschoose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent theirchildren from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with largersums of money.

(1)   句子的主干是   Some parents choose this method in order to preventtheir children from overspending. prevent sb. from doing sth.   与   keep sb. from doing sth.   相同，但前者   from   可以省略，后者不能省略。

(2) hoping that   …伴随状语，相当于   in the hope that   …   "   怀着……的希望   "

(3) in time:sooner or later, eventually   迟早，最后

You will learn howto do it in time.   你迟早会能学会做这件事的。

(4) trust   …   with   …把……托付给……   （参考   Unit 3   ，   Text B   ）

③   Giving pocket money on a daily basisplaces responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child.(4)The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money byoverindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money thenext day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. Thethought of saving money never crossed their minds.   （承上启下的句子）   They may develop the mentality that money is meant tobe spent.   （承上句）   Others spend more than they are given. Theyborrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulgingthemselves. Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts. (5)This habitof borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems.   （承上启下的句子）   In such instances, the purpose of rationing isdefeated.

本部分重点及难点：

4. The child mayspend every single cent of the daily pocket money by

overindulging injunk food as they know they will get another sum of money the

next day.   孩子知道第二天还能得到一笔零花钱，因而会花光每一分钱，暴食垃圾食品。

5. This habit ofborrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their   problems.

(1) cause sb. todo sth.

(2) depend / relyon sb. to do sth.

注意   depend   的派生词：   dependent(on/upon)

dependence(on/upon)

independent (of)

Independence Day

类似用法的结构：   wait for sb. to do sth.

call on sb. to dosth.

look to sb. to dosth. / for sth.   指望某人做某事

④   Children need to learn how to budget theirmoney. Some parents go by the   "learing bydoing" principle and give their children lump sums at the beginning   of the month, andby the third week of the month their account is already dry.

⑤   On the other hand, some learn to budgettheir pocket money very well and even   have savings atthe end of the month. They do not borrow money unnecessarily. In   other words, theylearn to spend within their means. (6)The key to doing this is   to differentiatebetween needs and wants. (7)Buy the necessary first, and   indulge ourselvesonly if there is money left.   （承上启下的句子）

(8)This habit, when   inculcated sinceyoung, stands them in good stead when they start working and   earning their ownmoney. It enables them to resist the temptation of "buy now   and paylater" schemes.   （承上总结的句子）

本部分重点及难点

6. The key todoing this is to differentiate between needs and wants.

做到这一点的关键是区分必须的和想要的。

(1) the key to(doing) sth.

(2) differentiatebetween A and B   和   differ from   …的不同：   前者意为   "   区分   A   和   B"   后者意为   "   与……不同   "

注意同根词：   differ A differs from B   …

different A isdifferent from B

difference thedifference between A and B

differentiatedifferentiate between A and B

7. Buy thenecessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.

(1) only if   只有在……的情况下

注意区分   if only   要是……就好了   Ifonly I were a free bird flying in the sky.

(2) there is moneyleft.   钱有剩余。

8. This habit,when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they

start working andearning their own money.   当他们开始工作赚钱，年幼时受到谆谆教诲而养成的习惯就会使他们受益。

(1) inculcate sth.in/into sb. / inculcate sb. with sth.   向某人灌输……，用……教育某人

inculcate in youngpeople a respect for the law = inculcate young people with a

respect for thelaw   向年轻人反复灌输法制的思想

(2) stand sb. ingood stead: be beneficial to sb.

补充：   benefit-beneficial

influence-influential

mystery-mysterious

misery-miserable

⑥   Formation of any habit starts at a tenderage   （幼年）   . (9)There is no better way to teachchildren to manage money than to start with their pocket money. They need tolearn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. It is a goodidea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money.   （承上启下的句子）   When children learn to spend within their means, theyare able to manage their finances well later in their lives.

本部分重点及难点：

9. There is nobetter way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocketmoney.

否定词和比较级连用相当于最高级。本句相当于：   To start with their pocket money is thebest way to teach children to manage money.

再如：   There is nothing better than having a colddrink on a hot summer afternoon.

I cannot agreewith you more.

I cannot careless.

His words cannotbe more inspiring.

陶老师：

每日寄语，基础差，底子薄，就要好好补补才行

我从小到大没什么梦想，一直在路上不问远方，只是衷心希望自己成为一个很厉害的人，你问我什么算厉害，大概就是能有朝一日，保护好爱人，对得起朋友，赡养好家人吧。

00015英语二更新内容：

1.课文单词精讲

2.课文内容精讲

3.语法精讲

4.习题精讲

内容很丰富，同学们要记得关注，每天学习哈！